Dr. Zhang studied oncology at Sichuan University, China beginning in 2010 and graduated as MD in 2016. He joined the research group of Prof. Gan Lu at the Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing up to now. He has published more than 10 research articles in SCI journals.
Chronic stress could induce stress-related hormones (SRH), including norepinephrine (NE). In this study, chronic restraint stress (CRS) was demonstrated to attenuate the efficacy of bevacizumab and promote tumor growth and angiogenesis in a colorectal tumor model. Propranolol blocked this effect and inhibited the elevation of TGF-β1 caused by CRS or NE. Furthermore, we found that NE up-regulated HIF-1α expression, which was reversed by propranolol and Ly2157299 (the inhibitor of TGF-β receptor Type I kinase). Therefore, β-AR/TGF-β1 signaling/HIF-1α/VEGF was a signaling pathway involved in chronic stress-related tumor angiogenesis.