The main goal of nanotechnology in cancer treatment is to use fine particles to improve drug delivery and targeting, increase clinical specificity, and minimize adverse effects. The new approach has great potential to improve therapy efficacy. However, there are many obstacles to using small particles because of safety and legal problems. Strict preclinical assessments and the creation of standardized use of fine particles to improve drug delivery and targeting, increase clinical specificity, and minimize adverse effects are the main goals of nanotechnology in cancer treatment.